尼日利亚废物发电潜力研究综述

Ibrahim Maina, Mohammed Umar, I. M. Shamsuddeen, T. A. Halliru, Suleiman Adamu
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摘要

一个国家的电力供应不足可能是其经济发展的重大挫折。发电、配电和输电一直是尼日利亚的一个主要问题,由于该国公民的电力供应不足,多年来一直是以前研究的中心。由于传统发电方式留下的碳足迹,正在探索其他可持续的选择。从城市固体废物中产生沼气是当前可再生能源的一个趋势。在这项检讨中,考虑到上述所有因素,都市固体废物流已被确定为一个稳定的来源,也是一个广泛可及和可用的来源,可用于发电。此外,它是状态中不需要的资源,因此很容易访问。由于每天产生的废物数量稳步增加,尼日利亚的废物管理做法似乎是不可持续的。虽然建造一个沼气厂可以处理大量的废物,并为家庭提供电力,但建立这样的设施最大的挑战可能是资本投资,以及运营和维护成本。最适合应用的技术是食物垃圾的厌氧消化,其原因是大多数不可生物降解的材料被拾捡者回收,并且考虑到尼日利亚从国外进口的肥料比例更大(80%),因此,这项技术的应用是巨大的,因为消化过程的副产品将作为肥料出售给农民。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Review on Waste to Electricity Potential in Nigeria
Inadequate supply of electricity in a country can be a major setback to the development of its economy. The subject of electricity generation, distribution and transmission has been a major issue in Nigeria and has been the center of previous research over the years due to the inadequacy of supply to the citizens of the nation. Owing to the carbon footprints left by conventional source of electricity generation, other sustainable options are being explored. Biogas been generated from municipal solid waste is a current trend in renewable energy. In this review, considering all the factors stated above, a MSW stream has been identified as a consistent source and also a widely accessible and available source that can be utilised for energy generation. In addition, it is an unwanted resource in the state, as such, will easily be accessible. Waste management practice in Nigeria seems to be unsustainable, as a result of the steady increase in the amount of waste generated on daily basis. Although, building a biogas plant could handle huge amount of waste and provide electricity to household, however, the greatest challenge to setup such facility could be in-terms of capital investment, as well as operating and maintenance cost. The best suited technology for application is anaerobic digestion of food waste, the reason for this is that most of the non-biodegradable materials are recycled by scavengers, and a consideration of the fact that Nigeria imports a greater percentage (80%) of its fertilizer from abroad, thus, application of this technology is enormous, as the by-product of the digestion process will serve as fertilizer which will be sold to farmers.
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