AI-Centric secure outer space operations

This article critically assesses the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in military operations, focusing on terrestrial warfare and outer space security. It offers four main points of discussion: 1) An evaluation of AI applications in terrestrial warfare, using real-world technologies such as Project Maven and BAE Systems’ Taranis; 2) an examination of AI’s contributions and risks in the field of cybersecurity; 3) an in-depth look at AI’s growing influence in space security, including technical aspects of systems like the U.S. Space-Based Infrared and the European Data Relay System; 4) an analysis of the ethical and policy challenges associated with AI deployment, informed by the author’s viewpoints on the necessity of international regulation. Drawing from various case studies and expert consultations, the article highlights AI’s capabilities in enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency while discussing the ethical and technical complexities it introduces. The study concludes by offering nuanced recommendations for responsibly integrating AI into military strategies and policies, especially those concerning space security. The aim is to inform and guide military professionals and policymakers by providing actionable insights for responsible decision-making in AI-augmented conflict scenarios on Earth and in space.