科学家、穆夫提和政治家--雅各布-辛克维奇的三种 "生活"

IF 0.1 Q4 HISTORY
Diliara Usmanova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文讲述了波兰-立陶宛-白俄罗斯鞑靼族杰出代表Jakub Szynkiewicz的生平,他的人生道路落在了20世纪上半叶,充满了政治动荡和转折点。他天生具有非凡的才能,在他所从事的所有领域和事务中都留下了重要的印记。无论是在科学领域,还是在宗教和行政领域,他都取得了巨大的成功,留下了重要的遗产和美好的回忆。也许只有他的政治活动才会在现代文学中引起谴责和各种各样的解释,因为他的政治活动是建立在与极权主义犯罪政权合作的可疑基础之上的。与此同时,这一选择在一定程度上是由20世纪30年代和40年代初主导东欧的政治现实预先决定的。在本文中,主要关注的是Jakub Szynkiewicz的传记的学术组成部分,它落在了他生活的柏林时期,在20世纪20年代上半叶中期。同时,我们也有理由对其人生的主要阶段做一个完整的回顾,这样可以让我们在更广阔的历史背景下进入“学术”的部分,并揭示是什么导致了这种或那种人生轨迹的战略选择,在这种选择中有时会出现极其尖锐和致命的转折。虽然Jakub Szynkiewicz从来都不是一个从事“纯科学”的“扶手椅”学者,而是一个相当政治化的人。尽管如此,他对世界东方研究的贡献是非常重要的,并且与“kitabistics”的研究以及对Rabghuzi著作和其他中世纪文本的突厥学研究有关。总的来说,学术活动不应该被雅各布·Szynkiewicz的宗教行政或政治行为所掩盖。关键词:Jakub Szynkiewicz (Jakub Schinkewitsch),波兰立陶宛鞑靼人,柏林大学,东方研究,突厥学,Rabghuzi的作品,Rzeczpospolita(波兰立陶宛联邦),Vilna, mutate
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ученый, муфтий и политик – три «жизни» Якуба Шинкевича
The article deals with the biography of the outstanding representative of the Polish-Lithuanian-Belarusian Tatar community – Jakub Szynkiewicz, whose life path fell on the first half of the 20th century, full of political upheavals and turning points. Being endowed by nature with great abilities, he left a significant mark in all areas and affairs in which he happened to be engaged. Both in the area of science and in the religious and administrative field, he achieved great success, leaving behind a significant legacy and a good memory. Perhaps only his political activity causes censure and various interpretations in modern literature, since it was based on the dubious basis of cooperation with a totalitarian, criminal regime. At the same time, this choice was partly predetermined by the political realities that dominated Eastern Europe at the turn of the 1930s and 1940s. In this article, the main attention is paid to the scholarly component of Jakub Szynkiewicz’s biography, which fell on the Berlin period of his life in the first half-mid-1920s. At the same time, it is reasonable to make a complete review of the main stages of his life, which allows one to enter the “scholarly” part in a broader historical context and show what caused this or that strategic choice of life trajectory, in which extremely sharp and fateful turns were sometimes made. Although Jakub Szynkiewicz never acted as an “armchair” scholar engaged in “pure science”, but rather was a quite politicized person. Nevertheless, his contribution to the world of Oriental studies is very significant and is associated both with the study of “kitabistics” and Turkological studies of the writings of Rabghuzi and other medieval texts. In general, scholarly activity should not be obscured by the religious-administrative or political actions of Jacub Szynkiewicz. Keywords: Jakub Szynkiewicz (Jakub Schinkewitsch), Polish-Lithuanian Tatars, University of Berlin, Oriental studies, Turkology, Rabghuzi’s work, Rzeczpospolita (The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), Vilna, muftiate.
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