富氧垃圾焚烧过程中典型气体污染物排放特征

Wei Liao, Xiong Zhang, Zhe Fu, Shihong Zhang, Jingai Shao, Haiping Yang, Xianhua Wang, Hanping Chen
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摘要

富氧垃圾焚烧可以提高焚烧效率,减少污染物的产生,但不同垃圾的温室气体和污染物排放特征尚不清楚。本研究通过对实际城市生活垃圾(MSW)及其典型组分在不同氧浓度和含水量下的污染物排放特征进行研究,揭示污染物的产生机理。结果表明:当氧浓度从21%增加到30%时,CO、CH4和HCN的排放量分别减少95%、95.5%和96.5%;由于氧对燃料NO和快速NO的促进,NO排放量增加了75%。SO2的小幅增加(从25.8%增加到26.87%)是由于氧对有机S的促进作用和SO42−与HCl的反应。HCl的排放量从78.42%下降到76.85%,主要是由于对子反应的增加。随着含水率的增加,CO、CH4和HCN的生成先因CO氧化和CH4重整反应而减少,后因固定碳与水的水气反应而增加。其中,66%的水分通过OH自由基对燃料N的氧化和氯盐的高温水解,分别促进NO和HCl的生成35.7%和9.1%。提高氧浓度可以抑制水分的影响,提高对不同生活垃圾的适用性。此外,选择25%富氧焚烧作为提高高含水率城市生活垃圾燃烧效率和减少污染物排放的最合适参数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Emission characteristics of typical gas pollutants during oxygen-enriched waste incineration process
Oxygen-enriched waste incineration can improve incineration efficiency and reduce pollutant generation, while greenhouse gases and pollutant emission characteristics of different wastes are still unclear. In this study, pollutant emission characteristics of actual municipal solid waste (MSW) and typical components at different oxygen concentrations and moisture content were investigated to reveal the pollutant generation mechanism. The results illustrated that when oxygen concentrations increased from 21% to 30%, CO, CH4 and HCN emissions decreased by 95%, 95.5% and 96.5%, respectively. NO emissions increased by 75% due to the promotion of oxygen on fuel NO and rapid NO. The slight increase in SO2 (from 25.8% to 26.87%) was due to the promotion of oxygen on organic S and the reaction between SO42− and HCl. The decrease in HCl emissions (from 78.42% to 76.85%) was caused by the increasing deacon reaction. Besides, with increasing moisture content, CO, CH4 and HCN generation decreased first because of the CO oxidation and CH4 reforming reaction, and then increased due to the water-gas reaction between fixed carbon and water. Furthermore, the moisture content contained (66%) would promote NO and HCl generation by 35.7% and 9.1% through fuel N oxidation by OH radicals and hydrolysis of chlorine salt at high temperatures. The increased oxygen concentration would inhibit the moisture influence and improve applicability for different MSW. In addition, 25% oxygen-enriched incineration was selected as the most suitable parameter for improving combustion efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions of MSW with high moisture content.
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