病毒及其在纤维结构中的渗透:综述

Jiří MILITKÝ, JAKUB WIENER, DANA KŘEMENÁKOVÁ
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文的第一部分简要介绍了病毒结构和化学组成的基本信息。简述了病毒与人体细胞相互作用的主要类型。抑制病毒从健康人周围传播到感染者周围的基本方法是使用防护设备,特别是口罩和呼吸器,其有效成分是纤维结构。这些结构的保护功能取决于它们的组成(通常是疏水材料)、构造(织物、针织物、非织造布、纳米网)、形态(孔隙度、厚度、孔分布)、病毒传播的形式(通常以一种气溶胶的形式在水滴中传播)、与保护层表面的相互作用条件(冲击速度、纤维相表面的捕获条件、渗透速度)和灭活病毒的方法(通常是接触或非常近距离的相互作用)。因此,这是一个非常复杂的问题,通常使用数学建模和仿真相结合的方法来解决。目的是提出一些解决与纤维结构的保护功能有关的问题的方法,这些方法允许规范这些结构在实际使用中的适用性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
VIRUSES AND THEIR PENETRATION THROUGH FIBROUS STRUCTURES: A REVIEW
In the first part of this review the necessary information about structure and chemical composition of viruses are briefly discussed on the basic level. Main types of interaction of viruses with human cells are briefly described. The basic method of suppressing the spread of viruses from the surroundings of a healthy person and into the surroundings of an infected person is the use of protective equipment, especially face masks and respirators, where the active element is a fibrous structure. The protective functions of these structures depend on their composition (usually hydrophobic materials), construction (fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, nano-meshes), morphology (porosity, thickness, pore distribution), the form of virus propagation (usually in water droplets as a type of aerosol), interaction conditions with the surface of the protective layer (speed of impact, conditions of capture on the surface of the fibrous phase, speed of penetration) and the method of virus inactivation (usually contact or very short-range interaction). It is therefore a very complicated problem that is often solved using a combination of mathematical modeling and simulation. The purpose is to present some methods of solving problems related to the protective function of fiber structures, which allow the specification of the suitability of these structures for real use.
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来源期刊
Vlakna a Textil
Vlakna a Textil Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)
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