Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis in Pediatric Populations; a Tertiary Hospital Experience

Fungal infection is a well-known and a common cause of sinusitis. Fungal sinusitis is classified into two main categories based on histopathological invasion as: invasive and non-invasive, the invasive form includes acute, chronic, and chronic granulomatous, while the non-invasive include: fungal ball, saprophytic fungal infestation, eosinophilic fungal sinusitis and allergic fungal sinusitis. Usually, Invasive fungal sinusitis is encountered in immunocompromised patients. However, there are many reports which have described these cases with immunocompetent individuals. The purpose of this review article is to summarize our long experience with pediatric patients diagnosed with invasive fungal sinusitis managed at a tertiary referral hospital at King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, KSA and discuss the management and determine the variables that impact the outcome.