FEATURES OF LEARNING THE POLYSEMY OF THE ADJECTIVE "BLACK"

Polysemy is a phenomenon peculiar to almost all languages. In each lexical unit, a certain thought is encoded, which can be deciphered only with the help of context. In this case, the external expression of the figurative content of the adjective denoting black is its unusual, non-standard compatibility with other words. When used with different nouns, a word can acquire different meanings that are unrelated to the color designation. The figurative determinant comes to life and makes the word semantically capacious, saturated with various overtones, sometimes even with the opposite meaning.Thus, the Kazakh language is characterized by neoplasms based on the active use of words with the meaning of the color "kara" (black). The symbolism of black color in the Kazakh language finds correspondence with both negative connotations – evil, darkness, grief, lies, difficulties, treachery, betrayal, and with positive ones – goodness, solidity, stability, power, strength, expressive beauty. The symbolism of black is very nuanced in many languages.The article shows how in the educational process of a pedagogical university, during the teaching of philological disciplines, the subject of the polysemy of the adjective "black" can be used. The authors give examples from phraseology, onomastics, poetry and prose in Kazakh, Russian, German and English.