Optimization of Volt-Watt Control Parameters to Maximize Power Injection by DERs

In the last two decades, the number of distributed energy resources (DERs) deployed in power systems has increased significantly. Although the total energy supplied by DERs is still less than the total annual load demand, their instantaneous power output can exceed the demand of the system at certain times. That leads to rising in the voltage magnitude and may result in a violation of the system's voltage limits. To combat this issue, a volt-watt control capability is required for systems with high DERs penetration. In this control scheme, DERs are required to curtail their real power output in response to voltage rise. In this paper, an MINLP model is developed to determine the parameters of the controller with the objective to maximize the power injected by the DERs, while maintaining the voltage within limits. Also, the model takes fairness among DERs into consideration.