康拉德西方视野下的东方文学比较研究

Azhar Waheed Naser
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摘要

本文旨在考察和追溯东方文学的发展及其对世界文学的影响。在一个由两种完全相反的意识形态划分和主导的时期,即“英国主义和东方主义”理论,观察殖民主义和西方思维如何看待“被殖民”,尤其是通过约瑟夫·康拉德(Joseph Conrad)的文学作品,他是20世纪初最具影响力和最受欢迎的作家之一,变得非常有趣。作为对英国浪漫主义的延伸影响,东方文学在催生新的主题和思想方面发挥了重要作用,丰富了英国作家的思想。Edward Said和OP Kejriwal的东方主义理论以及Gayatri Spivak的亚文明研究似乎为我们理解“东方”和“西方”架起了一座桥梁。东方学最初被认为是一种边缘化的理论,后来慢慢地崭露头角,甚至在英国殖民地的管理者和学者中也开始崭露头角,他们认为印度人应该按照自己的传统和法律来统治,这是对“英国国教”的直接反对。殖民者确实看不起被殖民者,这在那个时代的文学作品中是非常明显的,在约瑟夫·康拉德的作品中也可以看到。因此,本文将尝试对约瑟夫·康拉德的西方观点进行细致入微的比较分析,作为其东方文学作品的一部分
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Comparative Study of Oriental Literature from a Western View of Joseph Conrad
This article aims to examine and trace the growth of Oriental Literature and its subsequent influence on World Literature. In a period demarcated and dominated by two completely opposite ideologies, namely the ‘Anglicist and Orientalist’ theories, it becomes very interesting to observe how the Colonial and the Western Mindset looked at the ‘colonized’ especially through the lens of the literature of Joseph Conrad, one of the most influential and popular writers in the early 20th century. As an extended influence on English Romanticism, Oriental Literature was instrumental in giving birth to new themes and ideas, enriching the minds of English writers. The discerning theories of Orientalism by Edward Said and OP Kejriwal and of Sub Altern Studies by Gayatri Spivak seemed to bridge our understanding between the ‘orient’ and the ‘occident’. Initially thought to be a theory languishing on the fringe, orientalism slowly grew in prominence, even among British Colonial administrators and scholars who agreed with the idea that Indians should be ruled according to their own traditions and laws, as a direct opposition to ‘Anglicanism’. The colonizers did look down upon the colonized which was quite evident in the literature of that era, a phenomenon also visible in the works of Joseph Conrad. The research paper will therefore try to delineate and present a nuanced comparative analysis of Joseph Conrad’s Western view as part of his works of Oriental Literature
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