Factors Influencing the Shadow Path Loss Model with Different Antenna Gains Over Large-Scale Fading Channel

The telecommunication systems are typically restricted by the wireless channel environment. As a dissimilar to the expected features of a wired channel, the wireless channel is unexpected. Actually, to reach a more realistic state of the path loss pattern a combination created between the path loss exponent (m) and free space path loss that change with the environments. The main target of this investigate is to make staff in this area become closer with these factors influencing in addition to impart an understanding of the parameters that impact general path loss models. During this study, we classify the factors that effect on these models into frequencies, different antenna gains, and path loss exponent. The effectiveness of these factors has been simulated and analyzed by using MATLAB software program. The results show that reducing the antenna gains from 1 to 0.25 unit will increases the path loss by 1 dB, and when the number of path loss exponent (m) set as 5, the path loss exceeds 120 dB accounts for only 800 meters of transmitted signals when obstructed in building have been used, approximately. But when the in-building LOS set up (m =1.6), the path loss exceeds 85 dB accounts for almost 800 meters of transmitted signals. It is detected that the frequencies, and path loss exponent have a considerable effect on the path losses performance. Nevertheless, different antenna gains can have a small effect on a performance. This study seeks to clarify the impact of each of these elements on the transmitter and receiver through path loss propagation models to helps the researcher and reader of improvement or put some new ideas.