苏格兰国王詹姆斯六世政治思想中的主权

Bálint Radó
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摘要

与许多传奇人物的共同理解相反,苏格兰英格兰统治者詹姆斯国王(六世)和我并不是专制主义的热心捍卫者。只有在他第一部反驳和拒绝政治观点的作品中,尤其是他的导师乔治·布坎南,以及当时被称为“君主主义”(一个由威廉·巴克莱创造的术语)的团体,苏格兰国王才代表了博迪尼意义上的专制主义观点。一个人不应该忽视这样一个事实:为了成为一个专制主义的政治理论家,他必须声称君主是他或她的领域内所有法律的唯一制定者。詹姆斯在《自由君主制的特鲁法》中坚持了这一点,但在他的其他作品和演讲中,他都没有以这种方式表达自己。多伦在伦敦的议会演讲和他反对新托马斯主义耶稣会士的论战文章都是如此。尽管如此,他终其一生都坚守着君权神授的传统。我对这一卷的贡献观察了《特鲁法》,并证明了专制主义和神权实际上是由皇室作者在上述论文中结合起来的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sovereignty in the Political Thought of James VI, King of Scots
Contrary to a common understanding shared by many hi storians the Scottish English ruler King James (VI) and I was not an ardent defender of absolutism. It was only in his very first work written to refute and refuse the political ideas of especialy his tutor, George Buchanan as well as the group known for c ontemparies as monarchomachi (a term coined by William Barclay) that the King of Scots represented absolutist views in the Bodinian sense of the word. One should not neglect the fact that in order to be an absolutist political theoretician one must claim that the monarch is the exclusive maker of all the laws in his or her realm. This was maintained by James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchies but in none of his other works and speeches did he express himself in this vein. This holds as much true of th e Basilikon Doron as his parliamentary speeches in London or his polemical writings against the Neo Thomist Jesuits. Neverthless, he remained within the tradition of the divine right of kings throughout his life. My contribution to this volume observes The Trew Law and proves that absolutism and divine right were in fact combined by the royal author in the above mentioned treatise.
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