Effects of Project Foundation, Support, Personnel, and Process on Project Success with Process Flexibility as Moderating Variable

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of project foundation, support, personnel, process and process flexibility on project success in geothermal power plant construction projects in Indonesia. There is an urgent need to understand their effects to increase the current low project success rate. The research method was quantitative and explanatory type. A questionnaire survey and interviews were used to collect the data. The "Factor" school of thought premise, the resource-based theory, and the concept of grouping the project critical success factors were applied for developing the research model. The unit analysis was the completed power plant project. PLS-SEM was used for the data analysis and the hypothesis tests. The study found that project foundation, support and process increased project success, while personnel did not increase project success. Personnel may increase project success through competitive advantages of the project. Process flexibility strengthened the effect of process on project success. The results of the study support previous studies except for personnel. There are limited studies on understanding the effects of critical success factors groups on project success. This study offers five groups of critical success factors to the practitioners of construction project management, especially the geothermal power plant construction projects, to be fulfilled to increase their project success. The developed research model is strong and has predictive relevance. The result of this study cannot be applied other than for geothermal power plant construction projects in Indonesia. A larger number of power plant projects and respondents will increase the strength of the model.