土壤微生物对油菜籽枯萎病原菌茄枯丝核菌抑制活性的评价。

L Ciampi, J P Tewari
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引用次数: 0

摘要

油菜枯枯病是加拿大西部油菜苗期枯枯病的一种严重病害。其他真菌如镰刀菌和皮菌也与幼苗受潮有关。今天,对土壤细菌的研究正在成为一种利用微生物作为几种植物病害潜在生物防治剂的工具。本研究的目的是检测细菌,以生物防治番茄红霉、霉霉和镰刀菌。1987年在阿尔伯塔省各地收集土壤样品以分离细菌。油菜幼苗也被用来从相同的样品中获得细菌。用植物病原真菌检测分离物的拮抗活性。实验是用包被的油菜籽、改良剂和新鲜的冻干细胞进行的。共分离出341个细菌培养物。只有16种对真菌生长有抑制作用,其中7种对番茄枯萎病有相同的抑制作用,9种抑制作用不均匀。部分菌株对番茄枯萎病菌和番茄枯萎病菌的抑制作用较弱,3株菌株对番茄枯萎病菌和番茄枯萎病菌均有抑制作用,其中菌株F1对油菜种子在接种盆内的发芽率比对照提高50%左右。包衣种子发芽率低,出苗率低于接种对照。分离物147作为改良物在接种盆中接种后,油菜苗的出苗率明显提高。鉴定结果为芽孢杆菌属3株,绿荧光假单胞菌属4株,链霉菌属2株。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of soil microorganisms with inhibitory activity against Rhizoctonia solani causal agent of the damping-off of canola.

Pre- and post-emergence damping-off of canola seedlings caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a serious disease in Western Canada. Other fungi such as Fusarium spp. and Pythium spp. are also related to seedling damping-off. To-day, the search of soil bacteria is becoming a tool to use microorganisms as potential biocontrol agents for several plant diseases. The purpose of this research was to detect bacteria to biologically control R. solani, Pythium spp., and Fusarium spp. Soil samples were collected throughout Alberta during 1987 to isolate bacteria. Canola seedlings were also used to obtain bacteria from the same samples. Plant pathogenic fungi were tested to detect the antagonistic activity of the isolates. Tests were made with coated canola seeds, amendments and fresh of freeze-dried cells. Three hundred forty-one bacterial cultures were isolated. Only 16 inhibited fungal growth: 7 showed the same effects against R. solani and 9 showed uneven effects. Some isolates showed a weak action to Pythium spp. and Fusarium spp. Three isolates showed inhibitory effect on R. solani and Pythium spp. Isolate F1 improved by about 50% the germination of canola seeds in inoculated pots when compared with the inoculated control. Coated seeds had low germination and emergence was below the inoculated control. The emergence of canola seedlings was very much improved when isolate 147 was delivered as an amendment in inoculated pots. Identification showed that 3 bacterial belonged to Bacillus spp., 4 to green fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. and 2 were Streptomyces spp.

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