Public art as a sociological phenomenon of the urban artistic environment

The object of the study is contemporary works of public art installed in Russia and Europe. The subject of the study is the development trends of various forms of Western and Russian public art in its relationship with the urban environment. The purpose of the article is to analyze public art projects presented in the USA, Western Europe and Russia, determining their place in the urban space and their impact on public consciousness. Since this study is interdisciplinary in nature, its methodology involves the use of an integrated approach. In the work on the article, the methods of modern art history were used, aimed at theoretical and art criticism understanding of the period of development of the public art phenomenon. One of the key research methods was a sociocultural analysis, in which the author of the article examines the features of the relationship between Western and Russian public art works with the urban environment, revealing the patterns of their historical development and the reasons for their actualization in the space of a modern city. The semiotic method made it possible to interpret public art objects in terms of their meanings and cultural patterns, which are significant for the construction of urban space. The research materials have theoretical and practical significance and can be used in the preparation of lecture courses, scientific research, publication of materials for art historians, cultural experts, historians and philosophers involved in the study of the phenomenon of public art. Considering public art in a historical and cultural context using the works of American, European and Russian artists as an example, he proves that art objects installed in city blocks are part of the modern urban environment and, having fit into the broad context of visual art, coexist in union with urban design and national the specifics of the region. But if public art in the West tries to solve the material problems of citizens, then Russian artists working in the style of public art strive to create an atmosphere of intellectual development and emotional experience.