Morphology characterization and in vitro study of bio agents, plant extracts and chemicals against Pestalotiopsis mangiferae in Manipur

A study was conducted in vitro condition to analyse the morphology and efficacy of bio agent, plant extract and some chemical against P. mangiferae which was collected from different districts of Manipur. The morphological characters under study consist of colony and conidial characteristics such as colour, shape, size and appendages. The cultural growth colour of P. mangiferae on PDA varied from concolour to versicolour fuliginous. The conidial shape varied from oval and spherical to elliptical with prominent appendages. The conidial length and widths were 22.9 and 5.7 μm respectively. The diseased sample which was collected from different district of Manipur consists of three septation and the number of conidial appendages was found 2-3 numbers. Among seven antagonists namely Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma atroviride, T. ovalisporum, Hypocrea lixii, T. harzianum (69 and 131) and T. asperellum evaluatedin vitro, T. asperellum showed the best in inhibiting the growth of the fungus (85.8%). Among three plant extracts viz. garlic, neem and sweet flag evaluated in vitro, garlic extract (3.0%) showed the best result (100.0%). Among the seven chemicals viz. carbendazim, thiophenate methyl, mancozeb, imidacloprid, fipronil, profenophos and thiomethoxam evaluated in vitro, thiophenate methyl (0.05%) and carbendazim (0.05%) showed the best result with 100.0 percent inhibition in fungal growth.