Parameters used for the evaluation of potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Nitrogen use efficiency: a review

Potato is one of the important crops worldwide, and cultivation requires a lot of resources and nitrogen (N) to ensure yield. This kind of growing technology can cause environmental pollution. It is necessary to optimize the management and use of potatoes with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) varieties as an alternative to the application of large amounts of fertilizers to improve the environmental impact of potato production without affecting yield and quality. The aim of this review is to find various morphological and physiological characteristics of the potato crop that can be used in potato breeding for NUE evaluation and to create new varieties with high NUE. Looking for traits such as yield, protein and starch content, each variety has its limits that can be affected by climatic conditions. Area Under Canopy Cover Progress Curve (AUCCPC) is potentially good for detecting NUE in field conditions. Nitrogen efficient genotypes tend to have early canopy development but a low amount of N in tubers. Due to different factors that can interact with genotypes under field conditions, the experiments in controlled conditions as in vitro system can be used for the investigation of genotypes in a short period. Under in vitro conditions, root development can be observed very well, which can usually be impossible in soil experiments.