An approach to the management of chest wall deformities.

Chest wall deformities are seen frequently in children and adolescents. Fortunately, the deformity is usually mild and the only therapeutic requirement is patient and family reassurance. If the deformity is more severe, consideration must be given to surgical correction. Although sophisticated studies have shown that cardiopulmonary function may be limited by funnel chest, the findings are rarely of clinical significance and, therefore, with few exceptions, operations will be performed for cosmetic and/or psychological reasons. In order to be able to manage patients with chest wall deformities appropriately, clarity of thinking is essential in relation to classification, symptomatology and treatment options. Before reaching a final decision regarding operation, several interviews may be required. In order to assess the final result, long-term follow-up is mandatory.