FORMATION OF THE KAZAKH KHANATE: A NEW LOOK TO HISTORY

The Kazakh Khanate, formed by the Kazakh people led by the khans Kerey and Zhanibek in 1465, did not appear overnight. Its origins goback to the depths of centuries –the history of our statehood, which has 2.5 millennia and begins with the nomadic Saks. In the formation of statehood in the steppe zone, both the general laws of the historical process and the features characteristic of a nomadic society were reflected. In the XIV-XV centuries the process of addition of the Kazakh people was completed. The very name "Kazak", which has undergone a complex transformation from its original social meaning to ethnic content, becomes the name of the people. The entry of the emerging Kazakh people into different states –the Ak Orda, the Khanate of Abulkhair, Moghulistan, the Nogai Horde and the Siberian Khanate; continuous wars, strife between Genghisides and the nobility, coupled with growing external aggression, led to the idea of the need to unite ethnically close groups into a single state. These circumstances became the reasons for the creation of the Kazakh state proper. Ethno-political and socio-cultural processes on the territory of Kazakhstan in the XIV-XV centuries became the result of the emergence of the Kazakh Khanate in 1465.One of the largest and most influential states of Central and Central Asia in the Middle Ages was the Kazakh Khanate. In modern times, the Kazakh Khanate ceased to exist as an independent unit on the political map of the world, however, the achievements it has accumulated in the field of administration, legislation, regulation of public relations, foreign policy and diplomacy have a huge impact on modern Kazakhstan. The article also focuses on the personalities of the prominent khans of the Kazakh Khanate, who played a crucial role in the centuries-old life of the Kazakh people.