Tackling Climate Risks: Current Strategies for Monitoring and Preventing Climate Hazards

The Paris Agreement's signatories submitted in 2021 their updated climate action targets and commitments, known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). These goals encompass the efforts that countries will make in the next few years to reduce emissions and improve resilience. Meteorological and climatic products are a significant tool in climate risk management and adaptation to climate variability. In order to build resilience for sustainable development, both climate change and extreme weather occurrences must be incorporated into risk assessments. The goal of this research is to highlight the key approaches used by the world's major countries for monitoring and preventing climate hazards. Furthermore, the main actions implemented by Romania are taken into account. We will also explore a potential link between climate risks in the context of online commerce and the redefinition of global business models.