Network Decentralization

There are three interrelated concepts of development of telecommunication networks today: 5G, 6G and Network 2030. The creation of fifth-generation telecommunication networks is the first step towards a fundamental modernization of telecommunication networks towards the emergence of ultra-highly reliable networks with ultra-low delays [3]. Ultra low delays due to fundamental restrictions on the speed of propagation of light lead to decentralization of the network and create preconditions for the decentralization of the economy. If the delay is limited to a value of, for example, 1ms, taking into account the application of this value to the two-way delay and assuming the use of modern high-bandwidth systems as transmission systems, the network range for providing, for example, Tactile Internet services is limited to about 50 km [1, 2]. This means that the operator’s resources (for example, data centers) in communication networks with ultra low latency should be located, if possible, in the center of a circle with a radius of 50 km. This is the decentralization of the network. The Russian Federation will need at least 6-8 thousand data processing centers installed, including in district centers. Naturally, along with it, the economy will decentralize by reducing the digital divide between different territories, which is one of the main tasks of building the state’s digital economy. This process will already begin with the introduction of sixth generation telecommunication networks. One of the most important applications for 2030 networks is the widespread use and distribution of avatars and human holographic copies to reproduce and perform the actions of the person who controls them (telepresence). These networks should effectively reduce the digital device between territories, as well as effectively resist pandemic-like phenomena through telepresence services.