On the Indian railway infrastructure systems: Global comparison, challenges and opportunities

Railways are the most important development from the point of view of the infrastructure in India from 1850 to recent times. Indian Railways are the only reliable and feasible source on land for transportation of goods and materials. The Indian Railways (IR) network has integrated markets and people across the length and breadth of this huge country. Indian railway is the fourth largest railway in the world. In present scenario Indian Railways has become the leading powerhouse of the Indian Economy which is reflected in the GDP in the latest budget 2020. According to Vision 2020 a significant focus of railway would be on Track Enhancement, Environmental Sustainability, Network Expansion of Railway, Capacity Creation, Train Safety, Reducing Carbon Footprint, High Speed Train Introduction and Technological Excellence. This research paper provides a comprehensive resource for those involved in research and reforms related to modernization, digitalization and efficiency in Indian Railways. It focuses on analysis of the key factors like Population and Total Area of a Country, Electrification of Rails and Railway Expansion etc that show the importance of Railways and helps to identify potential fields that need to be addressed in Indian Railways owing to the need of the market and modernization.