Identification milestones of sects and parties, ancient and modern, through practices before beliefs, comparative Doctrinal study with Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah

research subject The idea of the research can be summed up by collecting the practices that scholars have stipulated on the agreement of all sects in the past, and they apply to modern groups; Until they become benchmarks by which these sects and groups are known, and comparing them with the method of Ahl al-Sunnah, and explaining how to use these benchmarks to identify and guard against sects and groups, although the details of their doctrines or beliefs and organizational affiliations are not known. His most important results 1- There are four landmarks; They are: to warn against scholars, to slander heads of state, to communicate secretly without ordinary Muslims, and to link loyalty and disavowal to sects or organizations. 2- These landmarks can be used by any Muslim to take precautions and be wary of their owners, because of their clarity and the absence of the need to specialize in specific Islamic sciences to know them. 3- Make the criterion of loyalty and disavowal based on loyalty to the group or to the organization negative effects and actions on religion, the individual and society. 4- The glorification of references and their sanctification, then obedience and exaggeration in them, then the oath of allegiance in reality or in judgment; They are the foundations of the deviation from the concept of loyalty and disavowal.