Bentuk dan inklinasi eminensia artikularis serta kedalaman fossa glenoidalis berdasarkan usia ditinjau dari radiograf panoramikMorphology and inclination of articular eminence and glenoid fossa depth based on age observed in panoramic radiograph

Introduction: Changes in the morphology and size of the articular eminence and the glenoid fossa during the growth period need to be known because it plays an essential role in the movement of the temporomandibular joint, thus helping to diagnose the presence or absence of abnormalities in the growth and development. These variations and changes can be seen and measured through panoramic radiographs. The purpose of this study was to examine the morphology and inclination of the articular eminence and the depth of the glenoid fossa based on age observed from a panoramic radiograph. Methods: This research was descriptive with a purposive sampling technique. The number of samples obtained using the Slovin formula, which resulted in 60 panoramic radiographs of the patients from Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital (RSGM Unpad), during the period of January-May 2018, with an age range of 5-30 years, divided into three age groups based on the age of the temporal component growth. Eminence morphology and inclination, and fossa depth were measured using ImageJ software. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel® to determine the minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation values. Results: Most articular eminence morphology found in each age group were sigmoid. The mean articular eminence inclination in the age range of 5-10 years was 42°, 44° in the age range of 11-20 years, and 58° in the age range of 21-30 years. The mean of the glenoid fossa depth in the age range of 5-10 years was 4.62 mm, 5.71 mm in the age range of 11-20 years, and 7.52 mm in the age range of 21-30 years. Conclusions: Most articular eminence morphology during the growth period is sigmoid. The mean value of the articular eminence inclination and the glenoid fossa depth increases with age during the growth period. The articular eminence and glenoid fossa undergo an active growth phase in the age range of 5-10 years, progress slowly at the age range of 11-20 years, and undergo completion and development in the age range of 21-30 years.