Reinvention: Innovation and Inclusion

of Spanish literature and analyse sonnets and plays known as autos sacramentales by Miguel de Barrios. De Barrios was a Hispano-Portuguese Jewish author from Amsterdam, and the authors show that, at a time when non-Catholic practices were prosecuted, Barrios’ work glori�es Judaism and expresses the identity of Hispano-Portuguese Jews. The authors also identify several factors that affected Barrios’ expression, such as the importance of Amsterdam as a centre for Sephardic settlement. This paper presents a poignant portrait of how communities use various forms of expression to uphold their identities when faced with discrimination or oppression.