HBT small-signal model extraction using a genetic algorithm

This work shows that physically meaningful wideband, multi-bias small-signal modeling of HBTs can be efficiently and accurately achieved using a genetic algorithm (GA). The physical significance of the equivalent circuit parameters extracted by the GA is checked using a direct extraction technique (DET). For each point we obtained a good agreement between the parameters extracted by the DET and by the GA, which demonstrates the ability of the GA to efficiently extract a physically significant small-signal model.