USE OF INDICATORS OF BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEEDS FOR BREEDING FOR HETEROSIS WINTER OILSEED RAPE BASED CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY

The paper presents the results of research (2014-2017) on the creation of source material for the selection of hybrids of winter oilseed rape on the basis of cytoplasmic male sterility. The source material was varieties, hybrids, lines of individual selection of the Institute of Feed Research and Agriculture of Podillya NAAS, collection samples of domestic and foreign selection. We used 44 genotypes of winter oilseed rape in 2014-16 as parents for pollination with a form with cytoplasmic male sterility. Material for breeding was taken taking into account many years of processing according to seed productivity, indicators of biochemical composition, winter resistance, oleaginousness, length of growing season, lesion of pathogens of disease and damage to pests. To accelerate the selection process for the creation of competitive domestic varieties and hybrids of winter oilseed rape, studies were conducted on the biochemical parameters of seeds of F1 hybrids obtained on the basis of cytoplasmic male sterility. By indicators of the content of erucic acid, glucosinolates from 25 combinations of 2016, seven combinations are allocated, in which the biochemical composition of the seeds correspond to such requirements; Oil - erucic acid is absent, or its traces are contained, and the content of glucosinolates does not exceed 25 μmol/g. In 2017, in studies on the manifestation of heterosis and the creation of highly heterosis hybrids using CMS on their basis, 19 new hybrids and 7 best ones of 2016 were used. In terms of oil quality and yield in 2017 with 26 numbers have highlighted 15, 7 of them are of 2016. According to the results of a two-year trial, we have the following results: 2016, the total average crop capacity of the 7 best hybrids was 7.41 t/ha, which was 2.59 t/ha higher than the standard; 2017, these combinations showed a total average crop capacity of 6.58 t/ha, which was 1.8 t/ha higher than the standard. The manifestation of heterosis in winter oilseed rape hybrids on average for two years was observed at 46%. The expediency of selection work is determined, to create the source material of commercial hybrids of winter oilseed rape, which includes early detection, even at the stage of first-generation hybrids, promising two-zero lines of restorers and fixers of cytoplasmic male sterility. The study gives the chance in the further exclusion from the selection program of works on improvement of biochemical indicators of the received initial material.