十九世纪末加拿大“保皇派”视野中的英国“帝国联邦制”

M. Zapototskyi
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文探讨了加拿大政治精英对英国“帝国联邦制”概念的看法,这一概念与19世纪下半叶的大英帝国产生了共鸣。这个概念出现在英国政治家和公众人物的圈子里,从长远来看,应该成为殖民地和英国之间的联邦联盟。加拿大当时是一个成熟的国家实体,在这个问题上提出了自己的看法。加拿大的政治精英,他们中的大多数都是与英国保持密切关系的支持者(所谓的“保皇派”),对英国王室和与英国的密切联盟表示了广泛的支持。在本文中,作者关注了“帝国联邦主义”的概念及其起源,重点介绍了加拿大主要政治人物对帝国联邦的看法,并重点讨论了加拿大政治家对未来联盟的愿景。另外分析了19世纪晚期的殖民地会议,这些会议成为解决殖民地问题的平台。他们让加拿大的“保皇派”有机会就帝国联邦未来的活动机制表达自己的立场。19世纪下半叶英国殖民制度联邦化思想的出现,是对英国过时的殖民制度的一种反应,需要对其工作进行更新和优化。这一想法在本质上是地缘政治的,因为它是联合王国在世界殖民体系中失去主导地位和希望恢复其以前地位的结果。加拿大保皇派对英国“帝国联邦制”概念的看法是19世纪末加拿大政治家对英国态度的一个明显例子。它通过对未来大英帝国的帝国联邦制做出自己的调整来支持英国的想法。“帝国联邦制”的概念并没有在整个政治辩论中得到实现,它的替代方案是在整个20世纪举行的帝国会议。正是帝国会议作为解决共同殖民地问题的平台,促进了大都会与殖民地之间更紧密的联系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
British “imperial federalism” in the vision of Canadian “loyalists” at the end of XIX century
The article is devoted to the vision of the Canadian political elites of British “imperial federalism” concept, which resonated with the British Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century. This concept appeared in the circles of British politicians and public figures and, in the long run, should become a federal alliance between the colonies and the United Kingdom. Canada, which at that time was a full-fledged state entity, offered its own vision on this issue. The Canadian political elites, most of whom were supporters of a close relationship with the United Kingdom (the so-called “loyalists”), expressed broad support for the British Crown and a close alliance with Britain. In this article the author draws attention to the concept of “imperial federalism” and its origins, highlights the views of Canada’s major political figures who have expressed their thoughts about the imperial federation, and focuses on discussions about the vision of the future alliance of Canadian politicians. Separately analyzed are the colonial conferences of the late nineteenth century, which became the platform for solving colonial problems. They gave the opportunity to the Canadian “loyalists” to express their own position on the activity mechanism of the Imperial Federation in the future. The emergence of the idea of federalization of the British colonial system in the second half of the nineteenth century became a reaction to the outdated colonial system of the United Kingdom, which required updating and optimization of its work. This idea was geopolitical in its nature, because it was the result of the loss of a dominant position in the world colonial system by the United Kingdom and a desire to reclaim its former positions. The Canadian Loyalists’ vision of the concept of British “imperial federalism” is a clear example of Canadian politicians’ attitudes toward Britain at the end of the 19th century. It was to endorse the British idea by making its own adjustments to the future imperial federal system of the British Empire. The very concept of “imperial federalism” did not find its realization throughout the political debate, and its alternative was the imperial conferences that were held throughout the XX century. It was imperial conferences that served as a platform for solving common colonial problems and facilitated closer ties between the Metropolia and the colonies.
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