2019年新型冠状病毒流行与肾脏

M. Salvadori, A. Tsalouchos
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引用次数: 2

摘要

严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2是2019年底起源于中国的一种新疾病。这种疾病的起源可以追溯到蝙蝠,但它已经传播给人类,而且人与人之间的传播特别猖獗,导致了前所未有的大流行。主要受累的器官是肺,严重的肺炎伴缺氧可导致死亡。本综述的目的是研究COVID-19感染对肾脏的影响,以及该疾病如何影响血液透析患者或接受过肾移植的患者。事实上,除肺外,该病毒还可影响其他血管化器官,在肺上皮和任何器官的内皮上有一个共同的受体。肾脏有很大的内皮细胞表面,受到影响,COVID-19可能导致急性肾功能衰竭。另一方面,这种病毒很容易在每周进行三次血液透析的人群中传播。进行血液透析的人可能免疫力低下,病毒可能对这些人有危险的影响。最后,肾移植患者可能很容易受到感染,病毒可能造成严重后果,甚至死亡。我们将总结应采取的主要预防措施和现有的治疗措施。显然,由于最近发生了大流行,这些措施中的大多数缺乏循证医学基础,只强调了限制COVID-19引起的损害的努力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Novel Coronavirus 2019 Epidemic and the Kidneys
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 is a recent disease that originated in China by the end of 2019. The origins of the disease can be traced to bats, but it has been transmitted to humans, and the inter human transmission is particularly rampant which has led to a pandemic of unseen proportions. The organ principally involved is the lungs, and severe pneumonia with lack of oxygen leads to fatalities. The aim of this review was to study the involvement of the kidneys with regard to COVID-19 infection and how the disease may affect people on hemodialysis or those who have undergone a kidney transplant. Indeed, the virus, in addition to the lungs, may affect other vascularized organs to a common receptor on lung epithelium and the endothelium of any organ. The kidney, which has a large endothelium surface, is affected, and COVID-19 may lead to acute renal failure. On the other hand, the virus may easily spread among people who are on hemodialysis three times a week. People on hemodialysis may have low immunity, and the virus may have dangerous effects on such people. Finally, renal transplant patients may be easily affected, and the virus may have severe consequences, even death. We will summarize the principal prophylactic measures to be adopted and the therapeutic measures available. Clearly due to the recent occurrence of the pandemic the majority these measures lack a basis in evidence-based medicine and only highlight the efforts to limit COVID-19 induced damage.
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