分析保险公司在乌克兰非寿险市场的竞争地位

O. Pakhnenko, O. Zhuravka, V. Podhorna, A. Sukhomlyn
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摘要

本文探讨了在乌克兰非寿险市场形成竞争环境的实践方面,并分析了领先保险公司的竞争力和财务绩效。通过对非寿险市场集中度指标的分析,得出非寿险市场没有明确的龙头企业,市场集中度可以忽略不计的结论。通过对全市场保险毛保费额和主要险种(CASCO、机动车责任险、财产险、火灾和巨灾险、CARGO、健康险)的产险市场龙头企业的分析,发现保险公司在市场上的领先地位并不意味着在所有险种上的领先地位;一些保险公司专门经营某些险种,根本不是保险市场的领导者,在非寿险市场的某些细分市场占据领先地位。为了对个别保险公司在非寿险市场的竞争力进行总体评估,我们选择了以下指标:保费总额、保险支付总额、保险准备金和股本金额。为了更客观地评估单个保险公司的市场份额规模,建议计算保险公司的平均份额。通过计算,可以确定2018年非寿险市场的领导者,并探索其竞争地位在2016-2018年期间的变化动态。对于2018年被认定为乌克兰非寿险市场龙头的三家保险公司(“UNIKA”、“AXA保险”和“PZU乌克兰”),笔者分析了其财务状况的主要指标,即保险服务盈利能力、销售盈利能力、资产收益率、净资产收益率、整体流动性、绝对流动性和自主权。分析发现,所有被分析的保险公司都是盈利的,但在乌克兰三大保险公司中,2018年盈利最高的是“PZU乌克兰”保险公司,盈利最低的是“UNIKA”保险公司。关键词:竞争力,保险公司,市场集中度,市场占有率,竞争
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVE POSITIONS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE NON-LIFE INSURANCE MARKET IN UKRAINE
The paper explores the practical aspects of forming a competitive environment in the non-life insurance market of Ukraine and analyzes the competitiveness and financial performance of leading insurance companies. Based on the analysis of non-life insurance market concentration indicators, the authors concluded that there is no clear leader in this market, the level of market concentration is negligible. Based on the analysis of non-life insurance market leaders by volume of gross insurance premiums in the whole market and by main types of non-life insurance (CASCO, motor vehicle liability insurance, property insurance, fire and catastrophe risk insurance, CARGO, health insurance) the authors found that the leadership of insurance companies in the market does not mean their leadership in all types of non-life insurance; some insurance companies specialize in certain types of insurance and not being leaders in the insurance market at all occupy leading positions in certain segments of non-life insurance market. In order to provide a general assessment of the competitiveness of individual insurance companies in the non-life insurance market, the following indicators were selected: the volume of gross insurance premiums, gross insurance payments, insurance reserves and the amount of equity. In order to assess the size of market share of an individual insurance company in a more objective way, it is suggested to calculate the average share of the insurance company. The calculations made it possible to identify the leaders of the non-life insurance market in 2018 and to explore the dynamics of changes in their competitive position during 2016-2018. For the three insurance companies that have been identified as the leaders of the Ukrainian market non-life insurance in 2018 (“UNIKA”, “AXA Insurance” and “PZU Ukraine”), the authors analyzed the main indicators of their financial condition, namely the profitability of insurance services, profitability of sales, return on assets, return on equity, overall liquidity, absolute liquidity and autonomy. It was found that all the analyzed insurance companies are profitable, however, among the three leading Ukrainian insurance companies, the most effective in 2018 was the insurance company “PZU Ukraine” and the least profitable – “UNIKA”. Keywords: competitiveness, insurance company, market concentration, market share, competition.
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