Protecting the Self: Defense Mechanisms in Action.

Part I: Defenses in Everyday Life. Introduction. Development of Defenses. Part II: A Closer Look at Three Defenses. Denial. Projection. Identification. Part III: Defense Mechanisms in Action. Defenses in Childhood: Stress and Psychopathology. Stress and Defense Use in Adulthood. Defenses and Personality. Gender Differences and Defenses. Studying Defenses Over Time: Longitudinal Studies. Part IV: Defenses and Psychopathology. Defenses and Psychopathology in Adult Community and Student Samples. Defenses and Psychopathology in Adult Psychiatric Patients. Defenses and Psychotherapy. Case Studies. Part V: Assessment of Defenses. Explaining the Defense Mechanism Manual. Other Approaches to Assessing Defense Mechanisms.