Economy oriented model predictive load frequency control

In this paper, model predictive control (MPC) scheme is used to develop the proposed load frequency controller. In each sampling interval, an optimization procedure is performed to calculate optimal control actions. In addition, it has the ability to incorporate economic objectives as part of control requirements. Here, it applies the wedge control philosophy to minimize unit maneuvering and reversals, which affect load frequency control (LFC) costs. The proposed methodology is tested with a three-area power system. Simulation results show that the proposed LFC successfully complies with NERC's control performance standards, and also achieves the economic objective.