Hierarchical organization by crossing between different layers for WSN energy saving

In this work, we are interested in the problems of energy conservation and life expectancy of knots; because, they are not refillable by micro-piles. To solve the problem of limitation of the network regarding energy resources, our approach is based on a combination between several existing mechanisms of energy saving by addressing more particularly on the data routing. The existing routing protocol ZRP cannot resist in large scale (because it isn't an adapted protocol for WSN). To overcome this limit, our approach consists in improving this protocol with the aim of having the best answers for the requirements of WSN by the introduction of the hierarchical organization based on the crossing between different layers, to obtain the proposed protocol H-ZRP. We have been used NS2 for simulation. Our proposal approach offered the best performances and more reliability than at the loss packets rate, deadline from start to finish, and transmission rate.