Cardiorespiratory symptoms

Cardiorespiratory symptoms are important in paediatric palliative care, affecting those with cancer as well as children with non-oncological life-limiting illnesses. Breathing is not only a vital function; it also often acts as a barometer of a person’s overall comfort. Breathlessness, often the end point of both cardiac and respiratory compromise, is invariably listed among the most distressing of symptoms. A multimodal approach to treating discomfort related to cardiorespiratory compromise, is essential, allowing for the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of the symptoms. The range of possible treatments available continues to expand, encompassing everything from simple non-pharmacological measures to long-term mechanical support of respiratory or cardiac function. This chapter will outline a holistic approach to managing cardiorespiratory symptoms in the child, providing excellent palliative care, where improving quality of life is a primary focus.