Genetic Algorithm for Efficient Cluster Head Selection in LEACH protocol of Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Node (WSN) is made up of a large number of microsensor nodes that collect data and deliver it to base station based on some pre-defined instructions. In order to improve the system performance, LEACH protocol is usually employed to select the optimal Cluster head. In this study, genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized for optimal cluster head selection in the LEACH protocol. The suggested GA-based LEACH technique was compared to the performance of the conventional LEACH and I-LEACH protocols, which were previously implemented. According to the findings, the proposed GA-based LEACH protocol outperforms the traditional LEACH and I-LEACH methods in terms of throughput, lifetime and energy dissipation. The GA-based LEACH can send over 350% more data packets than the traditional LEACH technique. Furthermore, as compared to I-LEACH, the sensor nodes' lifetime in the GA-based LEACH network increases by around 150%, and by nearly 300% when compared to traditional LEACH.