A Method for Measuring the Power System Operation Modes in a Heavy Renewable Power Penetration

With the increase in penetration of variable renewable generation (VRG) in the power grid, the system parameters change in response to the variability of these sources. To address this challenge, the effect of each VRG source is helpful to the controller for effectiveness. This paper presents a data-driven approach to investigate the impact of high renewable power penetration in power system operation modes considering power penetration from three different generation sources, including wind, PV, and conventional generation. Using hourly data for one month, we performed a load flow study on an IEEE 30 bus system to obtain penetration modes of each generation component and the system’s bus angles. We processed the collected data from the power flow simulation and then performed dimensionality reduction and clustering using the k-means algorithm. The results prove that the proposed study is efficient in observing the characteristic of the system’s parameters in different operation modes.