克里奥尔语的语法化不同吗?

J. Mcwhorter
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引用次数: 1

摘要

大多数关于克里奥尔语和语法化的研究都集中在克里奥尔语对其源语言语法化的计算上,这对语法化本身的学者来说意义不大。除此之外,克里奥尔语不是从洋泾浜语中产生的,而是从产生其他语言的同一种语言混合中产生的观点,打消了人们对克里奥尔语的语法化有任何特别兴趣的想法。我认为这种感觉是错误的。的确,克里奥尔语言没有特定的语法化。然而,在克里奥尔语中,语法化的速度比在更古老的语言中要快得多,也更丰富,这可以从萨拉马卡语的语法机制有多少可以追溯到该语言出现后的语法化中看出。我认为,这种扩散的原因是,克里奥尔语最初,甚至作为完整的语言,有更多的“空间”来出现新项目,因为它们起源于第二语言习得的高度减法性质。许多分析人士称之为“洋泾浜化”。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Is grammaticalization in creoles different?
Most work on creoles and grammaticalization has focused on creoles’ calquing of grammaticalizations in their source languages, which is of little import to scholars of grammaticalization itself. Beyond this, arguments that creoles emerge not from pidgins but from the same kind of language mixture that yields other languages has discouraged any sense that creoles’ grammaticalizations are of any particular interest. I argue here that this sense is mistaken. There is indeed no kind of grammaticalization particular to creole languages. However, grammaticalization has taken place at a much more rapid rate, and has been more prolific, in creoles than in older languages, as can be seen in how much of Saramaccan’s grammatical machinery is traceable to grammaticalization after the language’s emergence. I propose that the reason for this proliferation is that creoles originally, even as full languages, have more ‘space’ for the emergence of new items because of their origin in second-language acquisition of a highly substractive nature—i.e. what many analysts would term ‘pidginization’.
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