Variety agrotechnology for cultivation of spelled varieties Pskovityanka

The influence of the main agricultural practices on the yield and its structure of spring wheat spelled variety Pskovityanka when cultivated on soddy-podzolic soil was studied. The studies were carried out in 2019–2020 on the fields of the FSBSI Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops of the Pskov. Experimental options included three factors: levels of mineral fertilizers - control (without fertilizer), N60P60K60, N90P90K90, N120P120K120; seeding rates - 4, 5 and 6 million germinating seeds/ha; sowing dates - I and II decade of May. Studies have shown that the largest weight of 1000 grains - 37.5 and 37.7 g - was obtained when sowing emmer in the second decade of May with a seeding rate of 5 and 6 million units/ha against the background of applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P90K90. On average, over the years of research, according to the variants of the experiment, from 16.5 to 25.8 q/ha of spelled grain was obtained. It has been established that the most effective factor is the use of mineral fertilizers, which, in the studied doses, provided an additional 2.4 to 5.5 q/ha of grain according to the experimental options. The shift in the sowing date of spelt to the second decade of May made it possible to have a significant increase in yield from 2.2 to 4.0 q/ha of grain. Seeding rates turned out to be a less effective factor, an increase in which from 4 to 6 million units/ha contributed to an increase in grain productivity by 1.5–4.1 q/ha. The highest yield of spelled at the level of 25.1–25.8 q/ha was obtained when the crop was sown in the second decade of May with seeding rates of 5 and 6 million units per hectare against the background of mineral fertilizers N90P90K90.