热力学协方差原理

G. Sonnino, A. Sonnino
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引用次数: 3

摘要

从热力学的观点来看,{\it等效系统}的概念最初是由t。De Donder和I. Prigogine,被深入研究和修订。从我们的观点来看,如果在热力学力的变换下,两个系统的熵产和Glansdorff-Prigogine耗散量保持不变,则两个系统是热力学等效的。这种变换可以称为热力学坐标变换(TCT)。确定了满足TCT的一般变换类。我们将看到,同样在非线性区域({\it即},在Onsager区域之外)中,TCT保持了变换后的输运矩阵的互易关系。在TCT下,两个变换的等效特性导致了{\it热力学协方差原理}(TCP)的概念,即所有涉及热力学力和流动的热力学方程({\it例如},闭包通量-力关系)在TCT下应该是协变的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Thermodynamic Covariance Principle
The concept of {\it equivalent systems} from the thermodynamic point of view, originally introduced by Th. De Donder and I. Prigogine, is deeply investigated and revised. From our point of view, two systems are thermodynamically equivalent if, under transformation of the thermodynamic forces, both the entropy production and the Glansdorff-Prigogine dissipative quantity remain unaltered. This kind of transformations may be referred to as the {\it Thermodynamic Coordinate Transformations} (TCT). The general class of transformations satisfying the TCT is determined. We shall see that, also in the nonlinear region ({\it i.e.}, out of the Onsager region), the TCT preserve the reciprocity relations of the transformed transport matrix. The equivalent character of two transformations under TCT, leads to the concept of {\it Thermodynamic Covariance Principle} (TCP) stating that all thermodynamic equations involving the thermodynamic forces and flows ({\it e.g.}, the closure flux-force relations) should be covariant under TCT.
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