The Relationship between Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Inflamate-Immune Response: A Review

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (CSVD) is not only a single disease, but a kind of clinical and pathological syndrome caused by various factors, such as intracranial arterioles, perforating arteries and venules, which can result in structural and functional changes. CSVD accounts for about 25% of ischemic stroke. It is related to cognitive dysfunction, emotional disorder and even defecation disorder in the elderly, which seriously affects the quality of life. The clinical manifestations and prognosis that different patients suffer from are different. The reasons why some patients’ clinical symptoms are differ from others’ are that besides stroke location, stroke area and other factors we talked about usually, in addition, inflammatory immune response also plays an significant role in CSVD. Inflammatory response is a defense mechanism for us, so that we can respond to a variety of stimulating factors quickly, by causing a series of effects such as activating inflammatory cells to release inflammatory factors and other bioactive substances. Similarly, the immune system of our body is composed of a variety of immune organs and immune cells, which has the functions of immune defense and immune regulation. Inflammatory immune response occurs in all systems of the body, which is regulated by immune cells, inflammatory factors and other mediators, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diseases.