结论

S. Rubinstein
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这项工作中,我们以一种概括的形式总结了我们的一些研究的关键结果(其中一些-例如。关于儿童语法概括和数字概念发展的研究暂时搁置;我们将在其他地方回到它们)。我们实验研究的具体重点是一般心理学思维理论的关键基本原则。最重要的是,思维过程的流动,就像人格发展一样,既不能仅仅根据内部条件来解释,也不能直接从外部刺激中得到解释。这种类比的可能性及其有效性基于这样一个事实,即存在一个定义任何特定模式的一般模式——决定论原则。这个原理将外部条件(原因)和内部条件(基础)联系起来:外部原因通过内部条件起作用。外部条件和内部条件因此融合在一起。这些假设对于任何想要解释现象的理论都是必要的。它们对于思维的心理学理论也是有效的。我们相信,在未来,心理学研究面临着对心理学理论的其他部分进行类似重组的挑战,这种重组旨在揭示所有心理过程的内在模式。每一个都是由外部刺激决定的,这些刺激通过人格心理活动的内部条件来解释。本书概述的思维理论的所有组成部分之间的相互联系清楚地体现在这样一个事实中,即它们中的每一个都实现了,特别是关于思维作为认知主体和客体之间的相互作用的假设。我们不难相信,我们最初以一般形式提出的这个假设,与我们对思维的具体分析的所有主要方面是交织在一起的。最重要的是,对思维过程的理解——贯穿整部作品——源于思维作为互动的概念;思考是一个过程,因为思考的每一步,
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Conclusion
In this work we have summarized in a generalized form the key results of a number of our studies (some of them—e.g., studies on the development of grammatical generalizations and numerical concepts in children—have set aside for now; we will return to them elsewhere). The concrete focus in our experimental research was on the key fundamental principles of the general psychological theory of thinking. Above all, the flow of a thought process, just like personality development, cannot be either explained on the basis of internal conditions alone or directly derived from external stimuli. The possibility of this analogy and its validity are based on the fact that there is a general pattern that defines any specific patterns—the principle of determinism. This principle correlates external conditions (causes) and internal conditions (foundations): external causes act through internal conditions. External and internal conditions thus merge together. These postulates are necessary for every theory intended to explain any phenomena. They remain valid for the psychological theory of thinking as well. In the future, we believe, psychological research faces the challenge of carrying out a similar restructuring of other parts of psychological theory as well—a restructuring aimed at shedding light on the internal patterns of all mental processes. Each of them is determined by external stimuli that are interpreted through the internal conditions of the personality’s mental activity. The interconnection among all the components of the theory of thinking outlined in this book is clearly manifested in the fact that each of them implements, in particular, the postulate on thinking as interaction between a cognitive subject and an object. It is not hard to become convinced that this postulate, which we initially formulated in a general form, is intertwined with all of the main aspects of our concrete analysis of thinking. Above all, the understanding of thinking as a process—which runs through this entire work—derives from the concept of thinking as interaction; thinking is a process precisely because every step of thinking,
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