自然规律的本体解释与人文主义

H. Bhogal
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引用次数: 32

摘要

关于自然规律的人道主义——认为自然规律归结为休谟的马赛克——是一种流行的观点,但目前存在的版本面临着强烈的反对。非监督性的反对、非根本性的反对和解释性的循环性的反对都被认为给人文主义带来了问题。然而,这些反对意见都有一个共同的指导思想——它们都基于这样一种观点,即在科学实践与人文主义所提出的形而上学图景之间存在某种分歧。我认为,对于这些反对意见,休谟不应拒绝这种分歧,而应论证这种分歧是恰当的。休谟应当区分科学解释和形而上学解释。他们应该利用这一点来区分科学和形而上学的基本原理以及科学和形而上学的可能性。我们可以用这些区别来回应休谟所面临的反对意见。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nomothetic Explanation and Humeanism about Laws of Nature
Humeanism about laws of nature—the view that the laws reduce to the Humean mosaic—is a popular view, but currently existing versions face powerful objections. The non-supervenience objection, the non-fundamentality objection, and the explanatory circularity objection have all been thought to cause problems for Humeanism. However, these objections share a guiding thought—they are all based on the idea that there is a certain kind of divergence between the practice of science and the metaphysical picture suggested by Humeanism. I suggest that the Humean should respond to these objections not by rejecting this divergence, but by arguing that it is appropriate. The Humean should distinguish between scientific and metaphysical explanation. And they should leverage this into distinctions between scientific and metaphysical fundamentality and scientific and metaphysical possibility. We can use these distinctions to respond to the objections that the Humean faces.
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