Path-Loss and Energy Efficient Model (PLEEM) for wireless body area networks (WBANs)

Recently research in the area of WBAN focusing on energy preservation, routing protocol and channel modeling. Considering less for path-loss. In this research a Path-loss and Energy Efficient Model (PLEEM) scheme is proposed to minimize path-loss for both on-body and off-body communications. To minimize the path-loss when the body is in movement, two off-body relays are utilized. Direct communication for regular needed data and indirect communication for normal data is employed. Cost function is calculated on the basis of residual energy of the nodes and minimum distance to sink. Simulation results show that the proposed model enhances the stability period, life time of network, residual energy and throughput. Profound results in term of path-loss for both on-body and off-body communication are found compared to its variants.