语义变化的循环模式。来自全球词源的证据

T. Kozlova
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引用次数: 1

摘要

自格林定律发现以来,语义定律一直是一个被广泛讨论的问题。比较语言学家从对单个词汇项目的描述开始,接着研究语义衍生的类型学、各种词类的系统修饰以及有规律的意义变化。这有助于理解语义规律,即在具有不同程度遗传亲缘关系的语言中发现的语义相近表达的意义转移相似性的规则。词源学家考虑典型的语义变化来质疑词的起源和重建原义。认知语言学家揭示了转喻和隐喻等语义变化的一般机制在构建我们的经验中的重要性。他们还通过证明原型性和家族相似性原则在符号学变化中的效率,为历时语义学做出了贡献。本研究旨在探讨14个意为“闪耀”的北语词源的多样化所带来的语义变化的方向性。另一个目标是查看是否有可能在全局词源中发现的语义变化中建立任何模式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
RECURRENT PATTERNS OF SEMANTIC CHANGE. EVIDENCE FROM GLOBAL ETYMOLOGIES
INTRODUCTION Semantic laws have been a widely discussed issue since the discovery of Grimm’s laws. Having started with the descriptions of individual lexical items, comparative linguists went on to deal with the typology of semantic derivations, systemic modifications in various word groupings, and regular meaning changes. This was conductive to understanding semantic laws, i.e. rules referring to similarities of meaning shifts in semantically close expressions found in languages with different degree of genetic relatedness. Etymologists considered typical semantic changes to question word origins and reconstruct protomeanings. Cognitive linguists revealed the significance of such general mechanisms of semantic change as metonymy and metaphor in structuring our experience. They also contributed to diachronic semantics by proving the efficiency of prototypicality and family-resemblance principles in semasiological changes. This study intends to examine the directionality of semantic changes accompanying the diversification of the 14 Borean etymons meaning ‘shine’. Another objective is to see whether it is possible to establish any patterns in the semantic changes discovered in the global etymologies.
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