Competitiveness of higher education in a changing environment from a technology transfer point of view

Technology transfer in higher education institutions has always been a matter of concern, especially how to carry out technology transfer efficiently and effectively (Bower,2018. However, the environment is constantly changing, and how maintaining the core competitiveness of higher education institutions in the changing environment has become a new problem. On the one hand, from a macro perspective, some known and unknown challenges and changes occur from time to time, such as climate change, social equality, and sustainability, etc., which make higher education institutions constantly adjust and update the mission and strategy of universities, thus find a smart role in an ever-changing environment. On the other hand, a higher education institution's research and output reflect its reputation and status. This paper aims to discover the barriers and challenges of technology transfer in higher education institutions and the relationship with stakeholders through literature analysis. And theoretically analyze how to deal with difficulties, especially in the ever-changing environment, how universities should have an adaptive change and maintain competitiveness, and give some framework suggestions.