Analysis of pattern of ABO Blood groups in pediatric diabetic patients – An observational study

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most frequently occurring metabolic disorder, caused by inadequacy in secretion of insulin or malfunction leading to chronic hyperglycemia.  Well-established corroborations have been reported in the literature suggesting association of ABO blood group with DM. The available literature focuses on adult population, with limited information of said association in children. Thus this study was aimed to determine the association of ABO blood group with Diabetes in pediatric patients having confirmed diagnosis. This was a comparative cross sectional study conducted from October 2021-January 2022 at Endocrinology Ward, Children Hospital Lahore (CHL), Pakistan. The study was approved by the local research ethics committee of CHL and conducted according to the declaration of Helsinki 2000. Blood grouping was done by forward and reverse methods. A total of 25 patients, including 18 males and 7 females were included. Frequency of blood group B (n=10;40%) was highest followed by blood group O (n=4;16%), A blood group (n=3;12%), and AB (n=1;4%) in males. In females, the blood group AB (n=3;12%) has the highest frequency followed by O (n=2;8%). Blood group A (n=1;4%) and B (n=1;4%) had the  same frequency among female diabetic patients