Smart Device Localization using Femtocell and Macro Base Station Based Path Loss Models in IoT Networks

In this paper, a Smart Device (SD) localization method, based on the Path Loss (PL) model of Macro Base Station (MBS) and femtocells, using the convex optimization method is discussed for an Internet of Things (IoT) networks. Localization plays a major role for smart city, smart agriculture, and smart health applications in IoT networks. Global Positioning System (GPS) works well for outdoor positioning but fails to provide accurate locations in an indoor environment and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) paths. We propose the Convex optimization (CO) method that uses the combined effects of the Received Signal Strength (RSS) from macrocells and femtocells. The method requires no additional infrastructure and localizes a Smart Device (SD) in an IoT environment. The Cramèr-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is also evaluated to analyze the performance of the estimator. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our proposed method provides an accurate location as compared to Least Square method.