技术的出现和适应:以地球轨道卫星为例

M. Richards, D. Hastings, D. Newman
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摘要

只有通过使用技术的经验,用户和开发人员才能发现它的紧急后果。本文提供了适应的跨学科观点,调查了地球轨道卫星的演变和紧急后果,并研究了航天工业如何适应其影响的新信息。关于技术适应的一般结论是:(1)适应通常是由破坏性事件驱动的;(2)适应的速度与技术可及性和已安装用户群的规模相关;(3)技术与社会的整合可以被视为利益相关者结盟的过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Technological Emergence and Adaptation: The Case of Earth-Orbiting Satellites
It is only through experience with technology that users and developers discover its emergent consequences. This paper provides an interdisciplinary view of adaptation, surveys the evolution and emergent consequences of Earth-orbiting satellites, and examines how the space industry adapted to new information on its impacts. General conclusions regarding technological adaptation are that (1) adaptations are frequently driven by disruptive events, (2) the pace of adaptation is correlated with technology accessibility and the size of the installed user base, and (3) the integration of a technology with a society may be viewed as a process of stakeholder alignment.
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