Loss and mode characteristics of oversized waveguides and resonators

Oversized waveguides and resonators offer advantageous solutions of the waveguiding and circuit problems at millimeter-wave frequencies. They have low losses and high Q factors in comparison with rectangular waveguides of standard sizes and with miniaturized structures, such as microstrip and fin line. Also, manufacturing of integrated circuits based on suitable types of oversized structures is inexpensive. The sizes which are in the magnitude of millimeters are relatively small and, if compared with the usual dimensions of antennas, practical. Miniaturized structures, in comparison with the required antenna dimensions, are only marginally practical.