经济不稳定条件下企业资本形成与管理的特征

L. Hrytsenko, Liliia Derkach
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摘要

本文考察了企业资本形成和管理的方法论方面。在这个问题上的不准确导致商业实体的发展下降,从而导致整体经济的下降,而经济应该是稳定的,以面对今天的挑战。因此,本文的目的是研究在经济不稳定的条件下,在保证企业有效生产和经济活动的背景下,企业资本形成和管理的方面和问题。该研究揭示了乌克兰存在财务不稳定的企业,考虑到其利润动态和自主指标,经济不稳定加剧了这种情况,并导致该国商业活动减少。它决定了确保企业有效活动的一个重要方面是其资本形成的最佳途径。阐述了资本的本质及其在企业管理体系中的作用。概述了可以确保资本形成过程的来源及其结构要求。尤其要有多种资金来源,防止借贷资金对自有资金的优势,这可以通过对营运资金的有效管理来实现,这是企业生产力发展和实现经济效益不断增长的要求。提出了一种分析企业资本形成和管理有效性的权宜方法和指标。有横向和纵向的资产负债分析和对企业财务状况的评估。强调要特别注意财务杠杆的作用,它可以评估企业一般资本结构中贷款资金的各个部分的使用对自有资本获得额外利润的程度。了解这一点是寻找企业资本形成最佳解决方案的一个重要因素。根据本文形成的方法,对企业资本状况进行估计和定期监测,能够为经济实体提供最优的资源基数。这样既有利于扩大再生产,又有利于经济主体有效运转,促进经济发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
FEATURES OF ENTERPRISE CAPITAL FORMATION AND MANAGEMENT IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC INSTABILITY
The paper examines methodological aspects of enterprise capital formation and management. Inaccuracies in this matter lead to the decline in development of business entities and, as a consequence, the economy in general, which should be stable to face today's challenges. Therefore, the purpose of our paper is to investigate the aspects and problems of the enterprise capital formation and management in the context of ensuring the effective production and economic activity of the enterprise in conditions of economic instability. The research reveals the presence of financially unstable enterprises in Ukraine , taking into account both the dynamics of their profits and the indicators of autonomy, which is exacerbated by the economic instability and leads to a decrease in business activity in the state. It determines that an important aspect in ensuring the effective activity of the enterprise is the optimal approach to the formation of its capital. The essence of capital and its role in the general system of enterprise management are described. The sources from which it is possible to ensure the process of capital formation and the requirements for its structure are outlined. In particular, it is important to have a variety of sources and prevent the predominance of borrowed capital over own capital, which can be achieved by effective management of working capital as a requirement of the enterprise productive forces development and the achieving of growing economic benefits. An expedient method and indicators regarding the analysis of the effectiveness of enterprise capital formation and management is proposed. There are horizontal and vertical assets and liabilities analysis and an assessment of the enterprise financial condition. It is emphasized that special attention should be paid to the effect of financial leverage, which makes it possible to assess the level of obtaining additional profit on one's own capital due to the use of various parts of loan funds in general enterprise capital structure. Understanding this is an important factor in finding the best solutions for the formation of enterprise capital. Estimation and regular monitoring of the enterprise capital state, according to the approach formed in this paper, is able to provide economic entities with the optimal volume of the resource base. This will maintain their expanded reproduction and will contribute to the development of the economy as a result of the effective functioning of economic entities.
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