在使用“灌溉在线”系统种植作物时监测和形成灌溉制度

T. Matiash, M. Romashchenko, Vsevolod Bohaienko, S. Shevchuk, A. V. Kruchenyuk, Y. Butenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文分析了一个信息分析灌溉管理系统“灌溉在线”的实施结果,该系统能够快速生成并向用户提供有关土壤湿度当前和预测状态的信息。进行了一系列土壤调查工作,包括分析有关土壤复垦情况和灌溉土地用途的现有资料;目视土壤调查与详细土壤调查点的识别;土壤取样和实验室研究粒度分布、水物理土壤性质和灌溉管理输入数据的形成。该系统配置了对水分供应、当前气象参数和实际灌溉条件和速率的仪器监测观测,可以更准确地预测参考农田的灌溉条件和速率,并进行日常校正。提出了利用遥感数据进行灌溉阵列点信息发布的方法。在研究过程中,利用ArcGIS地理信息系统分析了卫星影像数据和植物反射率的NDVI和NDWI指数及其变异性和空间异质性。遥感数据的使用扩大了该系统在传播关于田间时间和灌溉率的数据方面的能力,这是监测观测之外的。给出了在生产条件下运行灌溉管理系统的使用效果。并以玉米和向日葵的栽培为例进行了验证。实践证明,在生产条件下,应用“在线灌溉”系统,保持最佳供水量,可实现作物最高产量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Monitoring and irrigation regime formation when growing crops using the "Irrigation Online" system
The paper analyzes the results of the implementation of an information and analytical irrigation management system “Irrigation Online” that enables to quickly generate and provide the users with the information about the current and projected state of soil moisture. A set of soil survey works was performed including the analysis of available information on soil reclamation conditions and irrigated land use; visual soil survey with the identification of points for detailed soil survey; soil sampling and laboratory studies on particle size distribution, hydrophysical soil properties and formation of input data for irrigation management. The configured system of instrumental monitoring observations on moisture supply, current meteorological parameters, and actual irrigation terms and rates allows predicting more accurately irrigation terms and rates in the reference fields as well as making their daily correction. The method of point information dissemination on irrigation arrays using remote sensing data was developed. In the course of research satellite image data and plant reflectivity by the NDVI and NDWI indices along with their variability and spatial heterogeneity using the ArcGIS geoinformation system were analyzed. The use of remote sensing data expands the capabilities of the system in terms of data dissemination on the timing and irrigation rates in the fields, which are out of monitoring observations. The results of the use of the operational irrigation management system in production conditions are given. The achieved results were demonstrated while cultivating corn for grain and sunflower. It was proved that by applying the system “Irrigation Online" and keeping moisture supply in the optimal range the highest possible crop yield can be achieved in production conditions.
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